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This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The…
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ENISA NIS360 2024
The NIS360 is a new ENISA product that assesses the maturity and criticality of sectors of high criticality under the NIS2 Directive, providing both a comparative overview and a more in-depth analysis of each sector. The NIS360 is designed to…
2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union
This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…
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Guidelines - Cyber Risk Management for Ports
This report aims to provide port operators with good practices for cyber risk assessment that they can adapt to whatever risk assessment methodology they follow. In order to achieve this, this report introduces a four-phase approach to cyber risk…
Sectoral CSIRT Capabilities - Energy and Air Transport
This study provides a continuation of work on Sectoral IRC at European level following the publication of the 2019 “EU Member States incident response development status report”. The report focuses on trends in Energy and Air Transport Incident…
Telecom Security During a Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic not only highlighted the importance of electronic communication networks and services for the EU’s society and economy, but it also triggered major changes and challenges in their use in the EU and worldwide. In this paper, we…
Cybersecurity Stocktaking in the CAM
In this document, the CAM ecosystem and insights involving stakeholder interactions, critical services and infrastructures, standards, as well as security measures are described. The insights gained from the survey, interviews, and desk research…
Railway Cybersecurity
This ENISA study regards the level of implementation of cybersecurity measures in the railway sector, within the context of the enforcement of the NIS Directive in each European Member State. It presents a thorough list of essential railway…
Power Sector Dependency on Time Service: attacks against time sensitive services
This publication describes the threats against energy providers’ services which depend on the availability of precise timing and communication networks. It provides a typical architecture which supports the time measurement service. Then it…
Encrypted Traffic Analysis
This report explores the current state of affairs in Encrypted Traffic Analysis and in particular discusses research and methods in 6 key use cases; viz. application identification, network analytics, user information identification, detection of…
Procurement Guidelines for Cybersecurity in Hospitals
As cybersecurity becomes more of a priority for hospitals, it is essential that it is integrated holistically in the different processes, components and stages influencing the healthcare ICT ecosystem. Procurement is a key process shaping the ICT…
Standardisation in support of the Cybersecurity Certification
The document presents the value of the cybersecurity standardisation efforts for certification, the roles and responsibilities of Standards Developing Organisations (SDOs) in this context, and discusses various ways how standardisation can support…
Port Cybersecurity - Good practices for cybersecurity in the maritime sector
Developed in collaboration with several EU ports, this report intends to provide a useful foundation on which CIOs and CISOs of entities involved in the port ecosystem, especially port authorities and terminal operators, can build their…