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This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The…
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ENISA NIS360 2024
The NIS360 is a new ENISA product that assesses the maturity and criticality of sectors of high criticality under the NIS2 Directive, providing both a comparative overview and a more in-depth analysis of each sector. The NIS360 is designed to…
2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union
This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…
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Cybersecurity roles and skills for NIS2 Essential and Important Entities
ENISA in line with articles 6 and 10 of the Cybersecurity Act , prepared this guidance document on the skills and roles for the cybersecurity professionals needed to meet these legal requirements effectively. The guidance is based on the…
Cybersecurity Education Maturity Assessment
This ENISA study aims to develop a maturity assessment model to evaluate each MS's cybersecurity education level in primary and secondary schools and to provide a comprehensive overview of the EU. Additionally, ENISA seeks to collect and share…
Cybersecurity Education Initiatives in the EU Member States
Today, the internet is a tool used in many educational activities, which increases the amount of
time children are exposed to cyberspace and its risks. Informing young users about the
importance of maintaining personal privacy is not enough to keep…
Cyber Europe 2022: After Action Report
Findings from a PAN-EUROPEAN
cyber crisis Exercise
European Cybersecurity Skills Framework (ECSF) - User Manual
The ECSF User Manual provides a comprehensive overview of the ECSF’s main scope, framework principles and application opportunities. The primary purpose of the manual is to make the ECSF easily accessible by, understandable for, and usable by all…
European Cybersecurity Skills Framework Role Profiles
The ECSF role profiles document lists the 12 typical cybersecurity professional role profiles along with their identified titles, missions, tasks, skills, knowledge, competences. The main purpose of this framework is to create a common…
Cross-Sector Exercise Requirements
This report aims to identify the skills, exercises and training needed to ensure that the information exchange among the European information sharing and analysis centres (ISACs) is effective and efficient.
Addressing Skills Shortage and Gap Through Higher Education
In this report, ENISA contributes to both practice and research on the cybersecurity skills shortage and gap in two distinctive areas. Firstly, it provides an overview of the current supply of cybersecurity skills in Europe through an analysis of…
CTF Events
This report addresses the contemporary use of capture-the-flag (CTF) competitions around the world. It first provides background on such competitions, their structure and variations. Analyses of recent competitions is then conducted, comprising an…
Cybersecurity Research Directions for the EU’s Digital Strategic Autonomy
The focus of this work is to identify the necessary research priorities to support the EU’s digital strategic autonomy and thus digital sovereignty. In this introductory chapter, we (i) analyse how the terms ‘digital strategic autonomy’ and ‘digital…