Publications

Featured publications

2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

Download

This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

Download

Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

Download

This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

All publications

By topics

By type

Publish Date

European Cybersecurity Month 2020 - Deployment Report

This report provides an overview of the activities organised and presents a synthesis of the findings based on evaluation and performance information gathered via two questionnaires, a social media monitoring report, and media and social monitoring…
Private Sector

European Cybersecurity Month 2019 - Deployment Report

This report provides an overview of the activities organised for the European Cybersecurity Month 2019 and presents a synthesis of findings based on evaluation and performance information gathered via two questionnaires and media monitoring data.…
Private Sector

Challenges and opportunities for EU cybersecurity start-ups

Based on extensive analysis of the identified challenges and opportunities, as well as on feedback collected from a panel of experts, this report proposes a set of recommendations to start-ups and SMEs active in the NIS market.
Private Sector

Cybersecurity Culture Guidelines: Behavioural Aspects of Cybersecurity

The present report is concerned with human aspects of cybersecurity including not only psychology and sociology, but also ethnography, anthropology, human biology, behavioural economics and any other subject that takes humans as its main focal point…
Private Sector

European Cybersecurity Month 2018 - Deployment Report

This report summarises the activities carried out by ENISA and the participating Member States for the European Cybersecurity Month 2018 and presents the evaluation and conclusions of the campaign. The ECSM campaign was successfully executed across…
Private Sector

European Cybersecurity Month 2017 - Deployment Report

For the fifth consecutive year, last October the European Cyber Security Month (ECSM) campaign was successfully executed across Europe. The campaign was coordinated and supported by ENISA, the European Commission, Europol’s Cyber Crime Centre (EC3…
Private Sector

Cyber Security Culture in organisations

To assist in promoting both the understanding and uptake of CSC programmes within organisations, this report draws from multiple disciplines, including organisational sciences, psychology, law and cybersecurity. It is complemented by knowledge and…
Private Sector

European Cyber Security Month 2016 - Deployment report

For the fourth consecutive year, last October the European Cyber Security Month (ECSM) campaign took place across Europe. The campaign was supported by ENISA, the European Commission, Europol’s EC3 and the European Banking Federation, plus partners…
Private Sector

Cyber Hygiene

This report looks at the leading cyber hygiene programs across the European Union and drills down into a selection of Small – Medium Enterprises to establish their understanding and engagement with the national strategies. Based on the information…
Private Sector

Guidelines for SMEs on the security of personal data processing

ENISA undertook a study to support SME’s on how to adopt security measures for the protection of personal data, following a risk-based approach. In particular, the objectives of the study were to facilitate SMEs in understanding the context of the…
Private Sector