This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…
Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…
This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…
In this report we highlight some of the most important cybersecurity research and innovation topics explored in the EU and around the world.
The report outlines the trends of web application attacks and provides guidelines to mitigate them
The report offers an overview of the web-based attacks, provides a compendium of trends and identifies attack vectors. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided.
The report outlines the findings related to phishing, provides an overview of the trends in this domain and details the top phishing themes in 2019. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided
The report provides an overview of physical tampering, damage, theft and loss of devices and outlines security practices, trends and findings. It also lists proposed actions for mitigation
The report outlines the findings on ransomware, provides a description and analysis of the domain and lists relevant recent incidents. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided
Apart from indicating adversaries’ motivations, the report provides evidence about the most common attack techniques and threat exposure applying to a particular sector, thus indicate protection requirements and priorities.
The report outlines the findings on information leakage, provides a description and analysis of the domain and lists relevant recent incidents. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided
The report provides an overview and findings of malware, identifies trends and proposes actions for malware mitigation.
The report details the different spamming techniques and provides a series of actions for mitigating spam messages.
