Publications

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NIS2 Technical Implementation Guidance

This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The…

ENISA NIS360 2024

The NIS360 is a new ENISA product that assesses the maturity and criticality of sectors of high criticality under the NIS2 Directive, providing both a comparative overview and a more in-depth analysis of each sector. The NIS360 is designed to…

2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

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Towards global acceptance of eIDAS audits

The goal of the study is to explore the eIDAS Conformity Assessment Report (CAR), the corresponding audit requirements, gaps arising from comparison with competing audit schemes, and the emergent issues at the core of the global conversation between…

Assessment of Standards related to eIDAS

In this report, ENISA presents aspects of QSCD certification and QTSP supervision to identify the way to combine respective elements therein, in line with the eIDAS requirements. In this context, this report seeks to support standards CEN EN 419 241…

A tool on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) knowledge management and maturity assessment

This report accompanies the second release of the PETs assessment tool and provides a brief overview of its main functionalities, as well as its challenges and proposed dissemination activities for further enhancement and adoption.

Handbook on Security of Personal Data Processing

The overall scope of the report is to provide practical demonstrations and interpretation of the methodological steps of the ENISA’s 2016 guidelines for SMEs on the security of personal data processing. This is performed through specific use cases…

Privacy and data protection in mobile applications

The scope of the report is to provide a meta-study on privacy and data protection in mobile apps by analysing the features of the app development environment that impact privacy and security, as well as defining relevant best-practices, open issues…

Reference Incident Classification Taxonomy

This taxonomy resulted from collaboration initiatives such as the annual ENISA/EC3 Workshop which involved CSIRTs, LEAs, ENISA, and EC3. Other examples include the eCSIRT.net taxonomy2 which was developed in 2003, and the eCSIRT.net mkVI taxonomy3…

Online Tracking and User Protection Mechanisms

ENISA decided to provide a study on online tracking and relevant user protection mechanisms, paying particular attention to user consent, privacy settings and the implementation of the Do-Not-Track (DNT) standard.

Maturity Reference for CSIRTs – Executive Summary

The target audience for this study is primarily the middle management layer in the CSIRTs, responsible for increasing the team’s maturity. The study will help them to more easily and quickly implement real maturity improvement, following self-…

eIDAS: Overview on the implementation and uptake of Trust Services

In the context of the eIDAS Regulation, ENISA conducted a study to present an overview of the implementation and uptake of Trust Services defined in the eIDAS Regulation one year after adoption to the new regime, and analyse the new opportunities…

Annual Privacy Forum 2017

ENISA's Annual Privacy Forum 2017 encouraged dialogue with panel discussions and provided room for exchange of ideas in between scientific sessions. The two-day conference was well attended by more than 100 participants in addition to more than 70…