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2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

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This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

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Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

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This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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Good Practice Guide for securely deploying Governmental Clouds

In this report, ENISA identifies the Member States with operational government Cloud infrastructures and underlines the diversity of Cloud adoption in the public sector in Europe. Moreover through this document, ENISA aims to assist Member States in…

Recommended cryptographic measures - Securing personal data

This document addresses the protection measures applied to safeguard sensitive and/or personal data, which has been acquired legitimately by a data controller. In this respect it discusses how information technology users, who have a basic knowledge…

Algorithms, Key Sizes and Parameters Report - 2013

This document collates a series of recommendations for algorithms, keysizes, and parameter recommendations. It addresses the need for a minimum level of requirements for cryptography across European Union (EU) Member States (MSs) in their effort to…

Report on Second International Conference on Cyber-crisis Cooperation and Exercises

ENISA hosted the ‘Second ENISA International Conference on Cyber Crisis Cooperation and Exercises’ on 23–24 September 2013 in Athens, Greece. The Second ENISA International Conference on Cyber-Crisis Cooperation and Exercises was a unique high-…

Cybersecurity cooperation - Defending the digital frontline

Fully revised for 2013, the document looks at the latest trends affecting the cyber-threat landscape, and also examines the EU's Cybersecurity Strategy and the Draft Directive on Network and Information Security (NIS).

Can we learn from SCADA security incidents?

Security experts across the world continue to sound the alarm bells about the security of Industrial Control Systems (ICS). Industrial Control Systems look more and more like consumer PCs. They are used everywhere and involve a considerable amount…

Schemes for auditing security measures

Across society there are now critical services which rely on computers, networks and servers. Protecting the security of this information infrastructure is not easy. Often the information infrastructure is run by several organisations and uses…
enisa threat landscape mid year 2013.

ENISA Threat Landscape mid year 2013

ENISA presents in this short paper a first “taste” of current developments related to the Threat Landscape 2013.
annual incident reports 2012

Annual Incident Reports 2012

This report provides an overview of the process and an aggregated analysis of the 79 incident reports of severe outages of electronic communication networks or services which were reported by national regulators during 2012.

Critical Cloud Computing-A CIIP perspective on cloud computing services

In this report we look at cloud computing from a Critical Information Infrastructure Protection (CIIP) perspective and we look at a number of scenarios and threats relevant from a CIIP perspective, based on a survey of public sources on uptake of…