ENISA in line with articles 6 and 10 of the Cybersecurity Act , prepared this guidance document on the skills and roles for the cybersecurity professionals needed to meet these legal requirements effectively. The guidance is based on the…
Cybersecurity Culture Guidelines: Behavioural Aspects of Cybersecurity
The present report is concerned with human aspects of cybersecurity including not only psychology and sociology, but also ethnography, anthropology, human biology, behavioural economics and any other subject that takes humans as its main focal point…
Raising Awareness of Cybersecurity
This report seeks to assist EU Member States in further building their cybersecurity capacities by analysing best practices on raising citizens’ awareness of cybersecurity. We have collected information and evaluated the intensity, regularity and…
Railway Cybersecurity
This ENISA study regards the level of implementation of cybersecurity measures in the railway sector, within the context of the enforcement of the NIS Directive in each European Member State. It presents a thorough list of essential railway…
Cybersecurity Culture Guidelines: 'Technical Annex: Evidence Reviews'
This technical annex contains the four reviews that supported the writing of the report Review of “Behavioural Sciences Research in the Field of Cybersecurity”. The reviews are:
1. Measurement of cyber security attitudes and behaviours, 2.…
Port Cybersecurity - Good practices for cybersecurity in the maritime sector
Developed in collaboration with several EU ports, this report intends to provide a useful foundation on which CIOs and CISOs of entities involved in the port ecosystem, especially port authorities and terminal operators, can build their…
Cybersecurity guide for SMEs - 12 steps to securing your business
The COVID-19 crisis showed how important the Internet and computers in general are for SMEs. In order to thrive in business during the pandemic many SMEs had to take business continuity measures, such as adopting to cloud services, improving…
Good Practices for Supply Chain Cybersecurity
The report provides an overview of the current supply chain cybersecurity practices followed by essential and important entities in the EU, based on the results of a 2022 ENISA study which focused on investments of cybersecurity budgets among…
EU Cybersecurity Initiatives in the Finance Sector
The finance sector is a heavily regulated sector, and cybersecurity provisions are already included in multiple EU policies and legislations (e.g. PSD 2 , MIFID II ). EU institutions, agencies, bodies, regulators and other groups of stakeholders run…
Procurement Guidelines for Cybersecurity in Hospitals
As cybersecurity becomes more of a priority for hospitals, it is essential that it is integrated holistically in the different processes, components and stages influencing the healthcare ICT ecosystem. Procurement is a key process shaping the ICT…