The report provides an overview of the current supply chain cybersecurity practices followed by essential and important entities in the EU, based on the results of a 2022 ENISA study which focused on investments of cybersecurity budgets among…
Towards a framework for policy development in cybersecurity - Security and privacy considerations in autonomous agents
One of the key aspects in autonomous systems is the data collected, mainly for supporting the demanding functionality in a qualitative and timely manner. The current study highlights a number of relevant security and privacy considerations, such as…
Crypto Assets: Introduction to Digital Currencies and Distributed Ledger Technologies
This report aims to increase the understanding
of blockchain technologies. It aims to explain the underlying technical concepts and how they relate to each other. The goal is to explain the components,
and illustrate their use by pointing to…
Data Pseudonymisation: Advanced Techniques and Use Cases
This report, building on the basic pseudonymisation techniques, examines advanced solutions for more complex scenarios that can be based on asymmetric encryption, ring signatures and group pseudonyms, chaining mode, pseudonyms based on multiple…
Annual Privacy Forum (APF) 2025
After 12 years, the Annual Privacy Forum (APF) enters into a new era! ENISA passes the baton to Goethe University Frankfurt and Karlstad University for the continuation of the successful event that bridges research and policy…
Trust Services & Digital Wallets: Moving to the Cloud and Remote Identity Proofing
In order to address the cybersecurity questions of remote identity proofing, the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) organised a workshop to support the area of Trust Services and Digital Wallets and published a report on moving trust…
