Reference Incident Classification Taxonomy
This taxonomy resulted from collaboration initiatives such as the annual ENISA/EC3 Workshop which involved CSIRTs, LEAs, ENISA, and EC3. Other examples include the eCSIRT.net taxonomy2 which was developed in 2003, and the eCSIRT.net mkVI taxonomy3…
Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity Research
The aim of this study is to identify needs for research on AI for cybersecurity and on securing AI, as part of ENISA’s work in fulfilling its mandate under Article 11 of the Cybersecurity Act . This report is one of the outputs of this task. In it…
National and International Cyber Security Exercises: Survey, Analysis & Recommendations
Cyber exercises are an important tool to assess the preparedness of a community against cyber crises, technology failures and critical information infrastructure incidents. ENISA supports the stakeholders involved in EU cyber exercises.
This report…
Roadmap to provide more proactive and efficient CERT training
The roadmap identifies 10 proposals on how ENISA could improve CERT training and exercises in Europe. The ideas in the document are valuable, as they reflect the actual community needs and requirements and there could be mutual benefit from both…
Industry 4.0 - Cybersecurity Challenges and Recommendations
In this short paper ENISA provides identifies the main challenges to the adoption of the security measures and security of Industry 4.0 and Industrial IoT. Moreover, ENISA lists high-level recommendations to different stakeholder groups in order to…
CERT Operational Gaps and Overlaps
This document analyses the operational gaps and overlaps of national/governmental CERTs and provides some reccomendations. Recommendations made in this report represent the results of the analysis of input gathered from the relevant external…
Cloud Cybersecurity Market Analysis
The present European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) report is an analysis of the cloud cybersecurity market, planned for in ENISA’s Work Programme 2022 ( ) under activity O.7.1., ‘Market analysis on the main trends in the cybersecurity…
Public Consultation on Specifications for EUICC Certification under the EUCC scheme
ENISA has published specifications for the evaluation and certification of embedded Universal Integrated Circuit Cards (eUICCs) under the European Common Criteria-based cybersecurity certification scheme (EUCC). Recognising the potential role of…
AI an opportunity for the EU cyber crisis blueprint - Report
On the 3rd and 4th of June 2019, ENISA organized in Athens, Greece, a conference on Artificial Intelligence in the EU cyber crisis blueprint context under the title ‘ Artificial Intelligence-An opportunity for the EU cyber-crisis management’.…
Cybersecurity guide for SMEs - 12 steps to securing your business
The COVID-19 crisis showed how important the Internet and computers in general are for SMEs. In order to thrive in business during the pandemic many SMEs had to take business continuity measures, such as adopting to cloud services, improving…