Security Economics and the Internal Market
Network and information security are of significant and growing economic importance.
The direct cost to Europe of protective measures and electronic fraud is measured in
billions of euros; and growing public concerns about information security…
Cyber Insurance: Recent Advances, Good Practices and Challenges
The aim of the report is to raise awareness for the most impactful market advances, by shortly identifying the most significant cyber insurance developments for the past four years – during 2012 to 2016 – and to capture the good practices and…
CRA - Making the EU Market Resilient
Join us for the first edition of the CRA – Making the EU Market Resilient, conference taking place on 8 October 2025 in Bucharest.
Qualified Website Authentication Certificates
This report proposes six strategies and twelve recommended actions as an escalated approach that targets the most important aspects detected to be critical for (i) improving the website authentication market in Europe and (ii) successfully…
Good practices in innovation on Cybersecurity under the NCSS
ENISA supports the efforts aimed to enhance the overall level of cybersecurity in the Member States (MS) both at a national and EU level. This report supports that effort by analysing how Member States are approaching innovation as a strategic…
EU Managed Security Services Certification to drive the cybersecurity market
Following the request of the European Commission for the development of a candidate certification scheme for Managed Security Services, the EU Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) launches a call for expression of interest to participate in the…
Guidelines for SMEs on the security of personal data processing
ENISA undertook a study to support SME’s on how to adopt security measures for the protection of personal data, following a risk-based approach. In particular, the objectives of the study were to facilitate SMEs in understanding the context of the…
Challenges and opportunities for EU cybersecurity start-ups
Based on extensive analysis of the identified challenges and opportunities, as well as on feedback collected from a panel of experts, this report proposes a set of recommendations to start-ups and SMEs active in the NIS market.
Recommendations on aligning research programme with policy
The scope of this report is to review existing analysis reports on EU funded Trust and Security Projects, summarize achievements that have significantly promoted specific pillars of NIS, identify and summarize specific outcomes that can promote and…
eIDAS: Overview on the implementation and uptake of Trust Services
In the context of the eIDAS Regulation, ENISA conducted a study to present an overview of the implementation and uptake of Trust Services defined in the eIDAS Regulation one year after adoption to the new regime, and analyse the new opportunities…