Publications

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2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

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This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

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Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

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This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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Situational Report on Microsoft Exchange Vulnerabilities

This ENISA situation report provides an assessment as well as advice and mitigation measures for the MS Exchange vulnerabilities. The threat for the new updates has been assessed as severe and ENISA considers attacks probable and of high risk. The…

ENISA Single Programming Document 2023-2022 Condensed

Condensed work programme 2022

Remote ID Proofing

This report provides an overview of the most common methods for identity proofing with some examples received by stakeholders, presents the current legal / regulatory landscape and supporting standards at the international and EU level and provides…
Private Sector

Conformity Assessment of Qualified Trust Service Providers

This document provides an overview of the conformity assessment framework for QTSPs as set out in the eIDAS Regulation, i.e. aiming to confirm that the assessed QTSP/QTS fulfils its requirements. This report discusses the typical process flow and…
Private Sector

Recommendations for Qualified Trust Service Providers based on Standards

This document provides recommendations to help qualified trust service providers and auditors understand the expected mapping between these requirements/obligations and reference numbers of standards, as well as practical recommendations for their…
Private Sector

Security Framework for Qualified Trust Service Providers

This document proposes a security framework to achieve compliance with Article 19 of the eIDAS Regulation, to which both non-QTSP and QTSP are subject. Nevertheless, Article 19.1 states that the security measures “shall ensure that the level of…
Private Sector

Security Framework for Trust Service Providers

This document proposes a security framework to achieve compliance with Article 19 of the eIDAS Regulation. As illustrated below, this security framework includes specific guidelines for TSP on: 1) Risk management related to the security of the eIDAS…
Private Sector

EU Cybersecurity Initiatives in the Finance Sector

The finance sector is a heavily regulated sector, and cybersecurity provisions are already included in multiple EU policies and legislations (e.g. PSD 2 , MIFID II ). EU institutions, agencies, bodies, regulators and other groups of stakeholders run…
Private Sector
security in 5g specifications

Security in 5G Specifications - Controls in 3GPP

The objective of this report is to help MS implementing the technical measure TM02 from the EU toolbox on 5G security. The report is also intended to help national competent and regulatory authorities get a better picture of the standardisation…
National / EU authorities

Cybersecurity Challenges in the Uptake of Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Driving

This report, drafted jointly by ENISA and JRC, aims to provide insights on the cybersecurity challenges specifically connected to the uptake of AI techniques in autonomous vehicles. It describes the policy context at both the European and…
Private Sector