Publications

Featured publications

ENISA Threat Landscape 2026

To shape our understanding of the cyber threat landscape and the dynamics at work, ENISA collected and analysed incidents and events observed from 1 January to 31 December 2025 for this new edition of the Threat Landscape. The 2025 cyber threat…

ENISA NIS360

This edition of the ENISA NIS360 report is the third to assess the cybersecurity maturity and criticality of all sectors of high criticality as identified under Annex I of the NIS2 directive. The assessment covers the entire ecosystem of a sector…

NIS2 Technical Implementation Guidance

This report provides technical guidance to support the implementation of the NIS2 Directive for several types of entities in the NIS2 digital infrastructure, ICT service management and digital providers sectors. The cybersecurity requirements for…

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ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Insider threat

The report provides an overview of insider threat, describes key findings and attack vectors. It also outlines proposed actions for mitigation.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - List of top 15 threats

This report provides an analysis of the top 15 cyber threats that dominated the period between January 2019 and April 2020.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Main Incidents

This report provides an analysis of the main cybersecurity related incidents in the EU and worldwide from January 2019 to April 2020.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Research topics

In this report we highlight some of the most important cybersecurity research and innovation topics explored in the EU and around the world.

ENISA Threat Landscape - Emerging trends

With the start of a new decade, significant changes can be expected in the way we perceive and understand cybersecurity or the security of cyberspace. The report lists relevant cybersecurity challenges and the top five trends with cyberthreats.…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Cyber threat intelligence overview

The report assesses the state-of-play of cyber threat intelligence (CTI) as a dynamic cybersecurity domain. This analysis aims to indicate the main trends in the expeditious development of CTI by providing relevant references and summarizing the…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Web application attacks

The report outlines the trends of web application attacks and provides guidelines to mitigate them

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Web-based attacks

The report offers an overview of the web-based attacks, provides a compendium of trends and identifies attack vectors. A series of proposed actions for mitigation is provided.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Spam

The report details the different spamming techniques and provides a series of actions for mitigating spam messages.

ENISA Threat Landscape 2020 - Sectoral/thematic threat analysis

Apart from indicating adversaries’ motivations, the report provides evidence about the most common attack techniques and threat exposure applying to a particular sector, thus indicate protection requirements and priorities.